Staphylococci – Microbiology | Lecturio
Isifinyezo esifutshane:
- Ividiyo ikhankanya iStaphylococcus, uhlobo lwebhaktheriya ebangela izifo ezahlukeneyo. Ixubusha ngeempawu zayo, indlela esasazeka ngayo, kunye nendlela yokuyilwa.
- Iinkcukacha eziphambili ziquka ukwakheka kweStaphylococcus, izinto ezikhuthazayo ukusasazeka kwayo (virulence factors) ezinjenge-toxins, iindlela zokusasazeka (ngomoya, ukuthelekana), kunye neendlela zokwelapha (i-antibiotics). Kukhankanywe i-MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) njengengxaki enkulu ngenxa yokumelana kwayo ne-antibiotics. Zikhankanywe izifo ezahlukeneyo eziqaliswa yiStaphylococcus, ezinje nge-abscesses, i-cellulitis, i-toxic shock syndrome, kunye ne-food poisoning.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwevidiyo kukufundisa ngeStaphylococcus, ukunceda abaphulaphuli baqonde indlela yokuthintela nokuphatha izifo eziqaliswa yiyo.
- Iinkqubo ezichazwe ngokweenkcukacha ziquka indlela i-abscess esakheka ngayo, kunye nendlela i-virulence factors zeStaphylococcus ezisebenza ngayo.
Isifinyezo esibanzi:
Icandelo 1: Ingcaciso yeStaphylococcus
Ividiyo iqala ngokwazisa iStaphylococcus, iibhaktheriya ezibangela i-abscesses nezinye izifo eziqaliswa yi-toxins. Ichaza ukuba zi-gram-positive cocci, zibonakala njengeqela leegireypu, kwaye zikwindawo ezininzi zabantu, ngaphandle kokubangela izifo.
Icandelo 2: Ukusasazeka kweStaphylococcus kunye nePathogenesis
Ividiyo ichaza indlela iStaphylococcus esasazeka ngayo, ngokusebenzisa i-aerosols (ukukhohlela, ukutshoba), ukuthelekana ngqo, okanye ngokungena kwindawo eyonakeleyo yomzimba. Ichaza ukuba i-abscesses yindlela eqhelekileyo yokubonakala kwe-Staphylococcus infection, kwaye ichaza indlela i-abscess esakheka ngayo, kubandakanya indima ye-neutrophils kunye ne-fibrin. Ichaza i-cellulitis njengokusasazwa kwe-infection phantsi kwesikhumba.
Icandelo 3: I-Virulence Factors
Ividiyo ichaza i-virulence factors ezahlukeneyo zeStaphylococcus, ezinjenge-capsule (eyithintela i-phagocytosis), i-protein A (eyithintela i-opsonization), i-catalase (eyachitha i-hydrogen peroxide), i-coagulase (eyenza i-fibrin clots), kunye ne-pore-forming toxins (ezonakalisa iiseli).
Icandelo 4: Ukwelapha kunye nokumelana ne-Antibiotics
Ividiyo ikhankanya ukuba i-Staphylococcus infections zinzima ukuzilwa, ngenxa yokumelana kwayo ne-antibiotics. Ichaza i-MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) njengengxaki enkulu.
Icandelo 5: Izifo eziqaliswa yiStaphylococcus
Ividiyo ichaza izifo ezahlukeneyo eziqaliswa yiStaphylococcus, ezinje nge-staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, i-toxic shock syndrome (TSS), kunye ne-food poisoning. Ichaza i-toxins ezahlukeneyo eziqalisayo ezi zifo, kubandakanya i-exfoliative toxins kunye ne-TSST-1 (toxic shock syndrome toxin 1). Ichaza indlela i-food poisoning ebangelwa yiStaphylococcus esebenza ngayo, kunye neentlobo zeemveliso zokutya ezixhalabisayo.
Amagama okanye izivakalisi ezibalulekileyo: Akukho magama okanye izivakalisi ezibalulekileyo ezichazwe ngokukhethekileyo, kodwa igama elithi "MRSA" liphindaphindwe njengengxaki enkulu. Iinkcukacha zokwakheka kwe-abscess kunye nendlela i-virulence factors ezisebenza ngayo zibalulekile.